|
Gland, Switzerland, 22 March 2007 - The global water crisis can be solved through fair water markets. This is the main conclusion of the new publication “Pay – Establishing payments for watershed services”, to be launched on World Water Day on 22 March 2007 by the World Conservation Union (IUCN).
“Markets can solve watershed degradation through investments in the sustainable management of ecosystems”, says Ger Bergkamp, Head of the IUCN Water Programme.
French Vittel already invests USD 24.5 million per year to compensate farmer's reduced use of fertilizer
Vittel, the world’s largest mineral water bottling company, has already incorporated this into their business by spending an average of USD 24.5 million per year to compensate farmers’ reduced use of fertilizer in France. The result is a reduction in the contamination risk of the bottler’s main source of water.
In Costa Rica, individual water users in the city of Heridia pay through their water bills to protect the forests and watersheds on which Heridia’s healthy water supply depends. Landowners upstream receive up to USD 110 per hectare per year to safeguard downstream water quality.
Nature provides clean water for free – but only if watersheds upstream are kept safe and healthy, and soils free from pollution. Once the landscapes that make up watersheds – for example forests, grasslands, cultivated and riparian areas, and wetlands - are disrupted or contaminated, water becomes very expensive to purify. That is why Costa Rican and French landowners are being paid for protecting this precious source.
These fair water markets can also help break the cycle of water overuse, deforestation and impoverished rural communities. Already 1 billion people live in areas where there is not enough water to meet basic needs, with the real onslaught of climate change still to come. Furthermore, 70% of water that is being used for agricultural production is wasted, and investments go to expanding production rather than increasing water efficiency.
Water payment schemes require careful design and people involved need to understand the benefits and costs associated with creating such markets. The new book ‘Pay’ lays out a range of payment schemes that are commonly used, from private trading, to cap-and-trade, to certification and public payment schemes. A water market and payment scheme needs to be tailored to the social, economic and political realities in any specific location. As with all natural and biological solutions, no one size fits all.
*ENDS* | 
|
iucn.org